Current Issues in Social Work Essay Example

Current Issues in Social Work Essay A social worker is someone that is employed to provide social services to people, especially the disadvantaged. There are many different types of social workers. There are social workers in administration policy and research. They do research for stuff like questioning diagnostics of anxiety in guardianship. There are also child, family, and school social workers. They often work with families that have had problems with abuse or lose of a home; they also work with families that have serious mental illnesses. They also respond to crisis in the class room. Children and school social orkers counsel those who are dealing with stress or those that are acting out. There are also health care social workers, they work mostly in hospitals. These kinds of social workers will help aid in emotional and financial standings. Health care doesnt Just affect the body. It hurts people emotionally and financially as well. There are plenty of different kinds of social workers (Types of Social Work, Web). In an interview with Karen Murphy, a social worker in Castle Rock Colorado I had asked, What do you think is going to happen in the field in the next five years? Murphy esponded Even though social workers work in different fields, and have different tasks that they focus on, they are all linked together. A childrens social worker may be helping with abusive families, while a health care social worker is helping solve problems with financial things, but they both face most of the same problems as social workers. Currently there are a few problems that so cial workers as a whole are facing. Some of the problems they are facing are: Overloads on cases, long hours, emotional struggles, and work lives interfering with personal and social lives. We will write a custom essay sample on Current Issues in Social Work specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Current Issues in Social Work specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Current Issues in Social Work specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Case overloads are due to the hard economic times. They are also occurring due to budget cuts. The quintessential American dream has dissolved into meaning something entirely different than it once did, challenging social workers as they help an increasing number of clients who are suffering from the negative effects of a strained economy. (Social Workers Face New Challenges, Web). For example there has been an increase in food stamps. Most everyone either has food stamps or knows someone that gets food stamps. Social workers deal with food stamps, therefore their work load increases with the amount of people that are eligible for food stamps. Many eople are having problems keeping and finding housing. Social workers also help with the homeless, so as more and more people cant afford housing, then more social workers are needed. Sometimes social workers cant be added, what happens is, they get case overloads. So far it has been found that over loads on cases is the biggest problem a social worker will face. This is a growing problem; more and more cases are being assigned. Sixteen percent of social workers have more than forty cases on the go. (Community Care, Web). If you are a social worker for adults then you will be having a bit of a hard schedule to maintain right now. Social workers assigned to adult cases have anywhere from seventy to a hundred cases at a time. What is the most amount of cases you have had going at once? . said Murphy. How do you manage to keep up with your cases ? A Community Care survey has discovered that 90% of social workers say high caseloads are distressing their abilities to practice social work effectively. Having so many cases can cause a social worker to race from case to case and not have time to get to each case before true crisis sets in. These finding should serve as a warning to the government and mployers the situation is unsustainable and getting worse. Excessive caseloads for social workers mean unsafe services its another accident waiting to happen, says Helga Pile who is a Unison officer for social workers (Community Care, Web). A case over load tends to cause stress. A social worker already has many responsibilities you add on more cases and the stress becomes greater. The responsibility to get the Job done then becomes greater. You have twice the people that you need to help. Another thing that cases a social worker stress when they have over loads on cases is ack of support from coworkers and supervisors. The stress from this Job can affect ones health problems. Even though one may not realize it, stress affects our health. You may have an illness that you think came from a headache or bad food; however stress may be the cause. Stress can cause high blood pressure, heart disease, obesity, and diabetes. There are many other effects stress has on your health. Some of the effects are: headache, muscle tension or pain, chest pain, fatigue, change in sex drive, upset stomach, and sleep problems (Stress: symptoms, Web). Those are just some of the effects stress has on the body. Stress also causes anxiety, lack of motivation, sadness, and depression. Stress can lead to overeating or under eating, which can cause its own batch of sicknesses. Stress may lead to drug and alcohol abuse. This can cause shut down to vital organs. Most often you will find stressed people smoking, a lot. This can cause lung and heart problems. The fact is stress is not good. It causes the body harm, moods change, and your behavior becomes different. Getting case overloads cause stress and that really takes a toll on the person that is taking the case. If one is stressed and have lack of motivation or erious health risks then how can they be expected to do their Job accurately? If this problem continues to happen, or continues to grow then social workers wont be able to do their Jobs effectively. This means that many cases will be misjudged or not completed safely. Work can only be done effectively with the proper time. Social workers already work long hours as it is, adding more cases means more time at the office or in the field. If there are too many cases going at once then there will not be enough time to work effectively. There was a story about a baby that died. It was the amous story about Baby P His name was Peter Connelly. Peter was a seventeen month old baby that had died from over fifty injuries in the course of eight months. He was a child abuse case that was taken over by a social worker, Maria Ward. She could have saved baby Peter. The social worker was overloaded with over 18 cases, Haringey Councils own recommendations that its social workers should only be responsible for a maximum of 12 (Baby Ps Social Worker, Web). Ward was Just one of many social workers that visited the toddler 60 times in eight months. Those were the eight months leading up to his death. Ward failed to intervene, but if she was one of many social workers that visited the baby, then she wasnt the only one to not help Peter. This case was similar to that of the Victoria Climbie murder. Victorias social worker Lisa Arthurworrey was fired and banned from social work after she was found liable for the death of the eight-year-old in 2000. The ruling was later overturned after it was ruled that Miss Arthurworrey was overloaded with 19 cases. Haringey admitted her caseload was too high and told the Climbie inquiry its own guidelines said social workers should only take on a maximum of 12 cases (Baby Ps social orker, Web). The warning signs were obvious but Ward ignored them. Just one day after Peter turned one year old, Ward saw him butting his head into a wall. She noted that it was most likely a sign of a development problem, and not a cry for help. Twenty days later as Ward was checking on Baby P she noticed a red mark on his chin. His mother had said that he had Just fallen over a table. Ward accepted the mothers explanation and noted that it was not significant. Peter was visited once again in June by Ward. Ward saw that Peters face was injured. His mother was ordered to take him for a Child Protection Order check-up. The doctors had found twelve different areas of bruising and his mother was arrested. On July 30th while Ward was checking in on Peter she found that his face was covered in chocolate and nappy cream. Ward had heard that the mother and her boyfriend had done this to cover up bruises. Ward asked his mother to clean him up, but did not stay long enough to make sure that he had injuries. She noted that he appeared well (Baby Ps social worker was overloaded with 18 child protection cases, Web). On August 1st 2007, baby Peter was sent to St. Anns Hospital in north London. He had a broken back and several broken ribs. They went undetected for quite some time. The very next day an ambulance was called for baby Peter. He was found in his crib. He was blue and dressed in nothing but a diaper. After attempts at revival of baby P he was taken to North Middlesex hospital. He was then pronounced dead at 12:20 pm. An autopsy discovered that Peter had swallowed a tooth after being punched. He had other injuries such as a broken back, broken ribs, and mutilated fingertips along with missing fingernails (Death of Baby P, web). Peter Connelly was Just 17 months old when he died in Tottenham, north London, on August 3 2007. Ward was criticized that she wasnt sufficient enough in the suspicion of the mother. She was obviously a devious liar, but Ward didnt look closely enough. It was found that the reasoning for this was Ward was struggling to cope with her work overload. Two of Baby Ps social workers have lost their plea against an employment hearing, which was ruled that they were fairly sacked. Gillie Christou and Maria Ward claimed they were unfairly fired by Haringey Council in north London in response to a public outcry about the little boys horrific death(Baby Ps Social Worker Gillie Christou , Web). They were bviously dismissed due to the failings of the care of a toddler. The two social workers never appeared at the Employment Appeal Tribunal in central London, therefore the Judge Mr. Justice Wilkie declared that their appeal was dismissed. Christou and Ward were both sacked as soon as it was discovered that there was a period of time in mid-2007 that they didnt know the whereabouts of young Peter. Ward also failed to see Peter once every fourteen days. Both social workers were suspended by a General Social Care Council disciplinary committee in 2010. Ward got a two month suspension while Christou got a four month suspension. These women also admitted to failing to ensure the safety of young Peter. They also admitted that they didnt visit him enough, they said they didnt keep accurate records and they lost track of him for some time. Not only did the two social workers receive disciplinary action, but Peters mother Tracey Connelly, her boyfriend Steven Barker, and his brother Jason Owen were Jailed in May 2009 for causing or allowing the boys death (The Huffington Post 13K, Web). Tracey Connelly was sentenced toa minimum of five years for the death of her son. She was first eligible for parole in August of 2012. The board didnt release her. Connelly did confess that she caused and allowed the death of Peter. She admitted this soon after being charged and served several hundred days in prison. The board relooked her case for a second time and came to the conclusion that Connelly will now remain on parole for the rest of her life and if she breaches any of the conditions, she will probably be recalled to custody. There have been reports saying that Connelly will be given a new name and hairstyle so she can live namelessly amongst the public world. She will not have a full new identity (The Independent, Web). Tracey Connellys ex-lover, Steven Barker, was also Jailed for he death of Peter. He was the one that beat him to his death. Barker was sentenced to life in prison. He was sentenced to a minimum often years for the rape of a two year old girl. He was given a minimum of twelve years for the death of Peter. The term will run concurrently (The Independent, Web). Working as a social worker there is a 100% certainty that there will be many case overloads that will have to be dealt with. It will be a lot of work, but thats the Job that is being taken on. Overload can cause stress and overly long hours. These long hours can make the Job much harder. Visiting a case gets complicated. The mind gets stress and does not pay much attention to detail. When this happens a case can be ignored. Something can happen like in the Case of Baby P. When something happens like this then the social worker can get Jail time, fired, or sued. A social worker can get sued for many reasons. They can get sued for incorrect treatment, sexual impropriety, breach of confidence and privacy, failure of diagnosis, incorrect diagnosis, suicide of patient, improper referral, loss of evaluation, violation of civil rights, etc Just one mistake can lead to a law suit. Getting sued is not a good thing. It can take a lot of time and money. This can also make someone lose their Jobs. Any social worker can get sued if they dont keep a close eye on things. Along with case over loads and getting sued a social worker can get emotional effects. There is so much pressure in the field of social work. The pressure affecting the emotional wellbeing. According to a survey by BASW The College of Social Work last year, two-thirds of social workers said the Job caused them emotional or mental instability and Just under half said they had taken time off due to stress( News and Features Ltd,Web). The work caused stress as was discussed earlier this causes emotional problems. Being in situations where someone dies in a case you are working on can also cause some emotional instability. Imagine being the person in charge of someone that has died and living with it. There are many things in the field of social work that can cause an emotional breakdown. Joe Lepper was dealing with a tough abuse case, his problems started soon after. He stumbled upon hard times with this case because he started to get death threats from the childs father. Joe had a painful childhood, and these threats he received made him think of those memories of childhood. Joe soon became infatuated with the childs dilemma. Because of his obsession with this one case all of his other cases became unimportant. His casework began to slip. He started to feel resentment among his fellow childrens social work colleagues. His obsession also made it so that the promotion he had been working towards slipped away from him. This is the promotion he had wanted for so long and he Just let it slip through his fingers. As a result Joe started drinking to help him handle his grief. His drinking soon caused his marriage to fall apart. He got to the point where he was unable to so his Job suitably. He had become discouraged. He became emotionally unstable, and he was signed off on a long-term sick leave. Joe had suffered from a stress related burnout. It tweaked with his emotions ( News and Features Ltd,Web). Another issue a social worker may have is social lives interrupting work lives. An example of this is a clients child and the social workers child could attend the same school. Both the client and the social worker must attend the same meetings held at the school. As a professional the social worker isnt comfortable with being at the meetings when the client is there. The social worker may not be able to vocalize ideas due to fear of losing the client ecause of different viewpoints. There are boundary issues with the relationship, and as a professional the social worker must protect those boundaries. Social workers should not engage in dual or multiple relationships with clients or former clients in which there are risks of exploitation or potential harm to the client. In instances when dual or multiple relationships are unavoidable, social workers should take steps to protect clients and are responsible for setting clear, appropriate, and culturally sensitive boundaries (Dual Relationships and Boundary Management in Social Work Practice, Web). This means it would not be appropriate for the social worker to partake in the meetings with the client in presence. , The social worker would need to bring forth the boundary to guarantee that they understand why the social worker needs to separate his personal life and professional work. Social workers of all types have many issues. They take on a hard Job. Long hours, case overloads, emotions, and boundary management are all part of the Job. A social worker will need to be patient to get the Job done. They must be willing to work hard to excel in this field. A social worker must have a back bone.

Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus, Roman Statesman

Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus, Roman Statesman Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus (c. 519–430  BCE) was a farmer, statesman, and military leader who lived in early Rome. He considered himself a farmer above all, but when he was called to serve his country he did so well, efficiently, and without question, even though a prolonged absence from his farm could mean starvation for his family. When he served his country, he made his stint as dictator as brief as possible. For his faithful service, he became a model of Roman virtue. Fast Facts: Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus Known For: Cincinnatus was a Roman statesman who served as the kingdoms dictator during at least one time of crisis; he later became a model of Roman virtue and public service.Also Known As: Lucius Quintius CincinnatusBorn: c. 519 BCE in the Kingdom of RomeDied: c. 430 BCE in the Roman RepublicSpouse: RacillaChildren: Caeso Early Life Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus was born around 519 BCE in Rome. At the time, Rome was still a small kingdom made up of the city and its surrounding territory. Lucius was a member of the Quinctia, a patrician family that produced numerous state officials. Lucius was given the name Cincinnatus, meaning the curly-haired. Historians believe that Cincinnatuss family was wealthy; however, little else is known about his family or his early life. Consul By 462 BCE, the Roman kingdom was in trouble. Conflicts had escalated between the wealthy, powerful patricians and the lesser plebeians, who were fighting for constitutional reforms that would have placed limits on patrician authority. Dissension between these two groups eventually turned violent, weakening Roman power in the region. According to legend, Cincinnatuss son Caeso was one of the most violent offenders in the struggle between the patricians and the plebeians. To prevent the plebeians from assembling in the Roman Forum, Caeso would apparently organize gangs to push them out. Caesos activities eventually led to charges being brought against him. Rather than face justice, however, he fled to Tuscany. In 460 BCE, the Roman consul Publius Valerius Poplicola was killed by rebel plebeians. Cincinnatus was called in to take his place; in this new position, however, he apparently had only moderate success in quelling the rebellion. He eventually stepped down and returned to his farm. At the same time, the Romans were at war with the Aequi, an Italic tribe about whom historians know very little. After losing several battles, the Aequi managed to trick and trap the Romans. A few Roman horsemen then escaped to Rome to warn the Senate of their armys plight. Dictator Cincinnatus was apparently plowing his field  when he learned he had been appointed dictator, a position the Romans had created strictly for emergencies, for six months. He was asked to help defend the Romans against the neighboring Aequi, who had surrounded the Roman army and the consul Minucius in the Alban Hills. A group of Senators was sent to bring Cincinnatus the news. He accepted the appointment and dressed in his white toga before traveling to Rome, where he was given several bodyguards for protection. Cincinnatus quickly organized an army, calling together all the Roman men who were old enough to serve. He commanded them against the Aequi at the Battle of Mount Algidus, which took place in the region of Latium. Although the Romans were expected to lose, they quickly defeated the Aequi under the leadership of Cincinnatus and his Master of the Horse, Lucius Tarquitius. Cincinnatus made the defeated Aequi pass under a yoke of spears to show their subjugation. He took the Aequi leaders as prisoners and brought them to Rome for punishment. After this great victory, Cincinnatus gave up the title of dictator 16 days after it had been granted and promptly returned to his farm.​ His faithful service and lack of ambition made him a hero in the eyes of his countrymen. According to some accounts, Cincinnatus was appointed dictator again for a later Roman crisis in the wake of a grain distribution scandal. This time, a plebeian named Spurius Maelius was allegedly planning to bribe the poor as part of a plot to make himself king. There was a famine going at the time but Maelius, who was in possession of a large store of wheat, was allegedly selling it to other plebeians at a low price to curry favor with them. This worried the Roman patricians, who feared he had ulterior motives for his generosity. Once again, Cincinnatus- now 80 years old, according to Livy- was appointed dictator. He made Gaius Servilius Structus Ahala his Master of the Horse. Cincinnatus issued orders for Maelius to appear before him but Maelius fled. During the ensuing manhunt, Ahala ended up killing Maelius. A hero again, Cincinnatus resigned his post after 21 days. Death There is little information about Cincinnatuss life after his second term as dictator. He is reported to have died around 430 BCE. Legacy The life and accomplishments of Cincinnatus- whether true or merely legendary- were an important part of early Roman history. The farmer-turned-dictator became a model of Roman virtue; he was celebrated by later Romans for his loyalty and brave service. Unlike some other Roman leaders, who plotted and schemed to build their own power and wealth, Cincinnatus did not exploit his authority. After he had performed the duties required of him, he swiftly resigned and returned to his quiet life in the country. Cincinnatus is the subject of several notable artworks, including Riberas Cincinnatus Leaves the Plough to Dictate Laws to Rome. Many places are named in his honor, including Cincinnatti, Ohio, and Cincinnatus, New York. A statue of the Roman leader stands in Tuileries Garden in France. Sources Hillyard, Michael J.  Cincinnatus and the Citizen-Servant Ideal: the Roman Legends Life, Times, and Legacy. Xlibris, 2001.Livy.  Rome and Italy: the History of Rome from Its Foundation. Edited by R. M. Ogilvie, Penguin, 2004.Neel, Jaclyn.  Early Rome: Myth and Society. John Wiley Sons, Inc., 2017.

Statistical Analyses of Research Question Statistics Project

Statistical Analyses of Research Question - Statistics Project Example Regulation takes two broad forms: formal (constitutes regulation by authorities to prevent society from falling into some ungovernable state; for instance, employment of sanctions by law enforcement authorities) and informal (which involves an adaptation process triggered by socialization – the process of transforming persons with a potentially wide range of behavioral traits to conform to a narrower set of values accepted within the society they are adapting to (Warner, Leukefeld & Kraman, 2003). Yet transforming to an extent of fully conforming to the set social and legal standards that govern a group of individuals is not easy. This not only affects individuals who are new to a locality but it also forms a basis for social and legal strife among members of all ranks. Notably, the transformation process has been associated with challenges, including engagement in drug abuse and alcoholism, burglary among other antisocial behaviors (Fulkerson, Pasch, Perry & Komro, 2008). Research into the effects of informal social control is largely confined within the principles of the social control theory. The theory proposes four types of control: internal, indirect, direct, and control through satisfaction (Pratt, Gau & Franklin, 2011). Informal social control is of specific importance since it involves aspects of the individual’s ability to interact and socialize effectively in order to conform to the desired socio-legal model. Warner, Leukefeld and Kraman (2003) noted that the influence of social ties in mediating conformity to set social standards is unclear. For instance, ghetto-related behaviors tend to mutilate community values, and the resulting community is characterized by ambiguity in value adoption; with a section of the population drifting towards the larger community’s ideals and the remaining section adapting to ideals

Social problems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Social problems - Essay Example Unlike tobaccos and cigarettes, there are no warnings placed on advertisements and containers of alcohol beverages. The reason behind this tolerance and encouragement of the government is that they earn huge revenues from taxes from the sale of these products. The government for one does not encourage the use of illicit drugs because they do not earn anything from the sale of these drugs unlike with the sale of alcohol and tobacco. In April 2011, the World Health Organization (WHO) reported that almost six million people die from tobacco use and 2.5 million from harmful use of alcohol each year worldwide (Join Together Staff, 2011). The report goes on further to state that tobacco is predicted to be the cause of death of 7.5 million people worldwide by 2020, accounting for 10 percent of all deaths, while alcohol-related deaths accounts for 3.8 percent of all deaths worldwide. These figures show that alcohol and tobacco use is as dangerous as using illicit drugs. However, this is not the belief of a lot of people. One reason why many people view the use of tobacco and alcohol differently from the use of illicit drugs is that they believe that if done in moderation, the use of alcohol or to some extent tobacco cannot be harmful to one’s health. Unlike with the use of illicit drugs, there is the perception that even if consumed in moderation, it still adversely affects one’s health. For some people they believe that there is no such thing as a â€Å"moderate use† of an illicit drug. There are some parents who tolerate their teen children’s consumption of alcohol especially during special occasions or family celebrations. This gives the idea to these youths that drinking is acceptable; thus, when they are out with their friends, drinking becomes part of their lives. Parents then give the notion that alcohol is good while illicit drugs are not. The difference in the views of people about the use of alcohol

Using Social Networking to facilitate learning in CPUT for IT students Research Proposal

Using Social Networking to facilitate learning in CPUT for IT students - Research Proposal Example e majorly because many people can access the internet Students in the information and technology department in CPUT should be given an opportunity to apply this social network in learning. This will provide a tremendous opportunity for the students to not only improve their performance because of the interesting way of learning but also get to share ideas that could assist individual students in their learning. Form the literature reviews that I have done so far, I have found out that there have been many researchers worldwide looking on social networking and university students. Anna Martinez conducted a research on this field but looked more on how students are using social networking on the social aspect only in the journal ‘online social networking on campus. There has however been no research on using social networking to facilitate learning. My research will be on how social networking can facilitate learning. The proposed research approach is qualitative approach. It is aimed at getting the students view on using social networking to facilitate learning IT in CPUT. I will use formal and informal interviews as the primary research method. I will place adverts on the school notice boards informing students that I am carrying the research. This will make it easy to obtain interviewees and when I go to the classes to conduct interviews students will already be aware of what I am doing. I will record the interviews in tapes with each recording not more than fifteen minutes long. The questions asked will be majorly open ended, like for example, ‘how do you think social networking can facilitate learning ?’. The motivation for choosing subjects to be interviewed is that the students will have most of the information. Interviewing ten students form every year of study will be the most convenient number. The motivation for this the is fact that time might be an issue while conducting the interviews. It is anticipated that different individuals will have

Analysis of Hitler Biographies

Analysis of Hitler Biographies In Ian Kershaws chapter titled The Making of the Dictator, he takes a look at Hitlers time from being appointed chancellor on January 30th, 1933 to the early days after the election of March 5th 1933. When Hitler was appointed chancellor on January 30th, there was much support and hope for his cabinet, but there were also millions of people against him. Julius Leber, SPD Reichstag deputy at the time, questioned Hitlers government, he said We know their aims. Nobody knows what their next measures will be. The dangers are enormous† (331). Nobody knew just how dangerous Hitler could be at that time. When Hitler became chancellor many ordinary people did not react, because of the struggle they had experienced through the Depression. Others did not think that Hitler had any staying power in German politics, because they thought that Hitler would lose popularity when the emptiness of his promises was revealed. Even the critics could see that if Hitler was able to tackle mass unemployment he would gain a lot of support. On February 27th Marinus an der Lubbe set fire to the Reichstag. Nazi propaganda went to work and rallied support against the communists for what the Nazis made out to be their plot. Hitler called an emergency decree for the protection of people and state. With one paragraph Hitler had effectively taken away personal liberties that had been defined in the Weimar Constitution including freedom of speech, of association and of the press, and of privacy of postal and telephone communications. Within four months of Hitler being in power trade unions were dissolved and within six months all opposition parties had been suppressed or had been liquated and the most active political leaders had fled the country. The growing threats within the Nazi party were eliminated in the â€Å"Night of the Long Knives† on June 30th 1934. When Hitler was just starting as chancellor, he knew that he could not rule without the support of the military. Hitler was able to win support with promises of major military support. In the first cabinet meeting Hitler portrayed a very different side. He was open to suggestions, ready to take advice, and listened to other view points. Hitlers first cabinet meeting took place on January 30th 1933 and it was at this meeting that Hitler stated that he wanted to have the Reichstag dissolved and win a majority in a new election in March. Hitler was able to convince Hindenburg to dissolve parliament and the campaign went in full swing. â€Å"Appeal of the Reich Government to the German People† was the first time that Hitler spoke to the German people on the radio. Within four years the German peasant must be saved from impoverishment. Within four years unemployment must be overcomeNow, German people give us four years and then judge and sentence us (440-441), though he had addressed the economy, he never specified how he was going to fix it. During the campaign Hitler also had not yet made a plan for war, but he made sure that military spending was going to be a priority, â€Å"the next five years must be devoted to the restoration of the defence capacity of the German people (444). Once again Hit ler offered no concrete measures on how he was going to do this, but the National defence was soon given 35 billion R M over an 8 year period. Hitler painted this upcoming election as the last chance to reject communism in Germany, and hinted that if they didnt, force would be used. Hitler was really ignorant of the principles of economics and received a lot of credit for things that he should not have. Though Hitler at one point made a speech about a gradual tax relief for the automobile industry and road building program, he actually had not mentioned a specific program, but rather the prospect of one. Any tax relief that was given to the automobile industry was part of a larger framework. Hitler also had communists beaten, tortured and wounded, but for some reason the violence and repression of rights were wildly popular. When the election results were announced on March 5th, the Nazis had won 43.9% of the vote and their coalition partners gained 8%. Hitler was now in place to be come the dictator of Germany. This chapter in the book really showed how Hitler was really a master of politics. He absolutely disregarded the specifics of any important situation and continually used his rhetoric to make people believe that things were being or would be done. Its incredible that he was able to make something like the taking away of personal liberties popular among the people. This chapter is very informative and Kershaw has an easy to read writing style. My problem with his writing is that he tends to jump in time a lot and that is not helpful when people are trying to do their research in chronological order. Kershaw does do an excellent job of emphasizing just how effective Hitler was at achieving his goals, like when Hitler first became chancellor and portrayed himself as a man who was trying to learn and cared about the opinions of others. Or how Hitler said that the violence against communists was committed by people who were disobeying his orders, thus effectively removing himself from the situation. This information will be especially useful to me in the body of my essay as I try to justify my choice of Hitler as the most important person of the twentieth century. Kershaw, Ian.Hitler: 1936-1945 Nemesis. New York: W. W. Norton Company, 2000: pp 129-159 In Ian Kershaws chapter titled Marks of Genocidal Mentality a close look is taken at the build-up towards the genocide against the Jews and the vital role that Kristallnacht played in that. The day before Kristallnacht, Himmler gave a speech in which he said In Germany the Jew cannot hold out. This is a question of years. We will drive them out more and more with an unprecedented ruthlessness (131). On the night of November 9-10 Germany exploded in a display of violence against its Jewish community. This was a nationwide pogrom and it was the third wave of anti-Semitic violence, which the previous ones took place in 1933 and 1935. At the beginning of 1933 there had been some 50, 000 Jewish businesses in Germany. By July 1938 there were only 9000 left. In Munich, there were 1,690 Jewish owned businesses and this number fell to 666 by October 1938. There was a flood of legislative measures that imposing discriminatory restrictions and occupational bans on Jewish doctors and lawyers, Jews werent even allowed to be pedlars. A decree made on August 17 had made it mandatory for males to add the forename Israel and for females to add the forename Sara; these names were to be u sed in all official matters. On October 5th Jews were made to have a â€Å"J† stamped on their passports. A few days after that, Gà ¶ring declared that the Jewish Question must now be tackled with all means available, for they must get out of the economy† (144). Make no mistake, Hitler had never deviated from the fact that Germanys salvation could only come through the destruction of Europes Jews. During a visit to Munich, Hitler took objection to the location of the citys largest synagogue and the Jewish community was only given a few hours of notice before its destruction. Hitler did not want to be publicly associated with the anti-Jewish movement during 1938. He did this to preserve his image at home and abroad. For example, the press was not allowed to ask him about the â€Å"Jewish question† when he was travelling over Germany and the legislation that ousted Jewish lawyers was not publicized, since it took place during the Sudeten crisis and would draw bad publicity. â€Å"Aryan† businesses looked for every opportunity to profit off of their Jewish counter parts. Jewish businesses were bought out by â€Å"Aryan† businesses. Doctors and lawyers wanted to take advantage of the economic opportunities available if the Jews were ousted. There is no doubt that Hitler supported the action against Jews even if he wasnt in the limelight at this time. Hitler was moving away from the assumption that emigration would remove the â€Å"Jewish problem† as only  ¼ of Jews had left Germany by October 1938. The Evian Conference had a major role in this as 32 countries refused to increase their Jewish immigration quotas. â€Å"Crystal Night† had a huge effect on Hitler, and after the pogrom Hitler agreed with Goebbels that the time to unleash the fury of the Nazi movement on the Jews had come. In his speech to the Reichstag on January 30th 1939, Hitler revealed his intentions of genocide. The information from these pages might contain some of the most influential points in my essay. The reason for this is as I try to portray Hitler as the most important man in twentieth century showing his influence over the people will be crucial. Hitler influenced the masses to violence without even being involved. He made Germany become an anti-Semitic nation in the matter of years. This chapter discussed the steps to largest genocide in history of which Hitler was the catalyst. Once again Kershaws writing is good and very informative, but tends to be jumpy. Redlich, Fritz.Hitler: Diagnosis of a Destructive Prophet. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999. http://www.questiaschool.com/PM.qst?a=od=78810661: pp. 151-171. Chapter 7 of Redlichs work is entitled Warlord. In this chapter he discusses numerous topics pertaining to Hitlers work as the warlord of Germany. He starts of the chapter by discussing the invasion of Poland. On September 1st 1939, fifty seven German divisions invaded Poland, and Hitler knew that he had attacked a weaker opponent. The invasion of Poland worked out to the success of the German army. Hitler wasnt only making attacks internationally, but he was also responsible for a lot of deaths in his own country. On October 18th, Hitler signed a secret decree regarding euthanasia, part of it read â€Å"Reichsleiter Bouhler and Dr. Brandt are charged with the responsibility of enlarging the authority of certain physicians to be designated by name, in such a manner that persons who, according to human judgment, are incurable, can, upon a most careful diagnosis of their position of sickness, be accorded a mercy death† (Pg 154).   This policy soon became an open secret in the country, and the family members of those who had suffered from these mercy deaths soon began to rebel and protest. After invading Poland, Hitler gave Britain and France a peace offer. When it was rejected Hitler wanted a quick start to the western campaign. In spite of Hitlers excitement the campaigns did not start until the spring of 1940. With out any formal declarations of war, Hitler overran Holland, Belgium and conducted a Blitzkrieg on France. On May 24th, Hitler had the BEF trapped against the sea, but he stopped his tanks. To this day there is not enough evidence to find out why Hitler had the tanks stopped, but as a result the British were able to make a sea escape. Hitler had successfully erased the â€Å"Shame of Versailles.† Hitler had become the most powerful man in Europe, but Germany still had problems. While the Russians provided Germany with food and raw materials, Hitler wanted economic self-sufficiency. The â€Å"Jewish problem† had gotten bigge r in Hitlers eyes, and needed to be dealt with and Hitler also needed to figure out how to beat Britain. Hitler organized Operation Sea Lion, which involved his air force attacking Britain as a prelude to a sea invasion, but the operation was a failure. In regard to the Italians, Mussolini surprised Hitler when he decided to invade Albania, even though Italy already had control of Albania. This move was done just to show that Italy could conquer a country as well. Hitler then asked Mussolini to not invade Greece, but Mussolini did it anyways, the result of this was a delay in the Russian campaign. Hitler showed a great development during these early years of the war. Hitler had basically listened to everything his generals had said during the Polish campaign, but he began to differ with them when it came to the western campaign as he favoured more modern strategies. The success of the western campaign really enhanced his supremacy and thus a war lord was born. This excellent chapter by Mr. Fritz provides great information about Hitler as a warlord and provides information about how Hitler progressed from being a subservient leader (when it came to the military) to the man who was in total control of the army. This information is going to be invaluable to my essay, as part of the reason to think of Hitler as the most important person during the 20th century is the way he affected lives through war. He was an absolutely brutal leader as evidenced when he discussed the Russian campaign and said â€Å"The natives? Well sieve them. The Jews well take out completely [setzen sie ganz heraus]. We wont go into the Russian cities, they have to perish completely. We dont need to have any pangs of conscience (164). Hitlers rise to the most powerful man in Europe is absolutely incredible and it is hard to think of man who had experience the amount of success that Hitler did in his early years as the Fà ¼hrer. Waite, Robert G. L.The Psychopathic God: Adolf Hitler. New York: Da Capo Press, 1993. http://www.questiaschool.com/PM.qst?a=od=58048406: pp. 3-33. Robert Waites chapter titled The Image and the Man might have the most shocking I have read for this essay. He delves into the characteristics of Hitler and provides some shocking personal details of his life. Part of Hitlers genius lies in the way he set-up his government. He created a political system that could not survive without him. Hitler utilized the emotional and irrational factors of politics like no other person in history. Former British PM David Lloyd George once said of Hitler â€Å"The old trust him; the young idolize him. It is not the admiration accorded to a popular Leader. It is the worship of a national hero who has saved his country from utter despondency and degradation. . . . He is as immune from criticism as a king in a monarchical country. He is something more. He is the George Washington of Germanythe man who won for his country independence from all her oppressors† (4).  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   Winston Churchill also admired the Hitlers accomplishments and called them among the most remarkable in the whole history of the world† (4). This praise was deserved, as within 5 years he had revived Germany, given the people hope and wiped away the â€Å"Shame of V ersailles.† While in propaganda media, Hitler looked the part of a great leader, but this is not necessarily true. Hitler was 59† and weighed 150 lbs, and as his time in office increased, his posture wasted away. Hitler was apparently fascinated with hands and he had collected numerous books that were dedicated to this topic and dedicated his time to finding whether great leaders of the past had hands like him. We have heard of many famous people who are dedicated to reliving their childhood and Hitler can be grouped into this category as well. Hitler believed that there was an elixir of youth and almost sent an expedition to India to look for it. He ate candies like a child and in moments of agitation the great Fà ¼hrer would suck on his little finger. Every evening Hitler would watch a movie, his favourites were Snow White and the Seven Dwarves and King Kong. Another interesting thing about Hitler was that he hated the passage of time. He constantly sought to confuse day and night and in his office he only had one clock, which was a family heirloom and was never wound. Death fascinated Hitler and he thought that with his death his fame would only increase, as he said â€Å"I know how to keep my hold on people after I have passed on. I shall be the Fà ¼hrer they look up at and go home to talk of and remember. My life shall not end in the mere form of death. It will, on the contrary, begin then† (22). The idea of suicide was constantly on Hitlers mind; even as a child he had made a suicide pact with a girl who had rejected him. Coincident or not, it is fitting that Hitler died of suicide. As I said above this chapter was quite shocking, actually after I read the chapter I doubted the legitimacy of its claims. I couldnt believe that one of Hitlers favourite movies was Snow White and the Seven Dwarves or that he would suck on his little figure. This is really not what I expected of one of the most ruthless leaders in history, a man who said â€Å"I shall become the greatest man in history. I have to gain immortality even if the whole German nation perishes in the process† (24). The information in this book will be useful in portraying another side of Hitler that the public never saw. Another piece of information I found interesting, was Hitlers hate of the passage of time. Was it because he feared old age? Or maybe he knew that is judgement day was coming?   Hitler strived to be a great leader and while he was a very evil man, there is no denying the impact he had on the 20th century. Fischel, Jack R.The Holocaust. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1998. http://www.questiaschool.com/PM.qst?a=od=98665227: pp 31-51 Any paper on Hitler would be incomplete with out detailing the Holocaust, which we all know to be as the most horrific genocide in human history. In chapter 3 of his book, Fischel takes a detailed look at the road to genocide. At the time World War II had started, the average German was unaware of the Holocaust. This genocide began with the institution of euthanasia programs. Under these programs â€Å"categories† of people were determined to be unfit to breed and unfit for Germany. At the headquarters of the euthanasia program, victims were gassed in rooms that were disguised as showers and then have their bodies cremated. Over 100, 000 people became victims of the euthanasia program, before the families of the deceased began to protest. After the capture of Poland a â€Å"process of ethnic cleansing occurred† (40). Polish people were being displaced from their homes to have Germans move instead. Himmler wasnt a huge supporter of the initial treatment of the Poles, because he felt that many of them were of mixed German blood or were actually German, so instead he proposed that after the war that the Polish population be inspected. Initially, Hitlers regime wanted to move the Jews to Madagasc ar, this was called the Madagascar Plan. The Madagascar Plan fell through after Germany was unable to defeat Britain and this is when the idea of genocide began to firmly develop and it was after the invasion of the Soviet Union in June 1941, that the Nazis decided to eradicate the Jewish people. A bureaucracy was created to organize the murder of Jews. Mobile killing squads called the Einsatzgruppen were first seen during Anschluss. During the invasion of Poland 16,000 Poles and Jews were murdered by the German Army and the Einsatzgruppen. After the invasion of the Soviet Union the Nazi had 1 million Jews under their control. On July 31, 1941 Goering sent a letter to Heydrich that read send me, as soon as possible, a draft setting up details of the preliminary measures taken in the organizational, technical and material needs for the achievement of the final solution which we seek,† (49) it is clear from reading this quotation that the seeds for genocide had been planted. This chapter provided good information about how the Holocaust began and transformed, from the euthanasia program to the Madagascar Plan. I wonder how the German people were not alarmed at the euthanasia program, if the families were truly making enough problems to bring the end of the program. Were the German people really that enamoured with Hitler that they paid the program no notice? After the deaths of 100, 000 people, it is really hard not to see the evil that Hitlers government was capable of. Its sad to read about the shift from the Madagascar Plan to the eradication of Jews, because even though the Madagascar Plan is not ideal, it would have spared the lives of millions of people. All of these things were done under Hitlers watch, and no doubt that Hitler was aware of the draft of final solution that was requested in the letter quoted above, further showing his impact as a person in the 20th century. Erwin Leiser. Mein Kampf. Edited by Erwin Leiser. Los Angeles, CA: Columbia Pictures Industries Inc., 1960. 00:00 29:34 The first 30 minutes of the documentary entitled Mein Kampf detail Hitlers early life and his rise to Chancellor. As a child Adolf is a bad student and often argues with his father over his future, because Hitler wants to become an artist. At the age of 16, Hitler falls ill with tuberculosis, and never returns to school. In 1907, Hitler moved to Vienna and tries to gain acceptance into the academy of art, which he fails to do in two tries. After failing the second time, Hitler becomes a labourer and sells post cards for a living, this isnt very profitable and he loses his apartment and lives in a flop house, but considers himself superior to the other tramps there. It is during this time that Hitler spends his money on his first anti-Semitic pamphlets. He is so interested in the writings that he looks up the author to find pieces that are no longer being circulated. He is filled with ideas that about the blonde man who is superior to the dark man and that the Jew is the devil. Hitler moves to Munich and lives the same lifestyle that he lived in Vienna and it is during this time that he is rejected from the Austrian army. On August 1st, 1914 Hitler listens to the proclamation of the declaration of war and is inspired enough to join the German army and become an infantry soldier. During his time in service he is wounded at the western front in 1916, but returns to the front in 1917 as a vice corporal. In 1918, his eyes are injured in a gas attack and he is in the hospital when the war is ended. Hitler is again left unemployed and decides to become a politician. Hitlers next big move is the Beer Hall putsch and is arrested after its conclusion. He is sent to jail, but lives in favourable conditions. During his time in prison he writes a book called Mein Kampf which turns into a political platform. In the book he describes a united Austria and Germany and mentions that in World War I, gas should have been used on thousands of Jews. At first the book is treated as a joke, but later gains a lot of respect. When Hitler gets out of prison he tries to re-organize the party and realizes that he should only make his revolution when he comes to power. During this time Nazi registration grows, and Hitler is appointed to the Chancellorship on January 30th, 1933. Watching this documentary was as beneficial as reading books for numerous reasons. I think what stood out to me most was the clip that was featured of Hitlers first speech as chancellor. I was captivated; I couldnt take my eyes off the screen. Seeing the raw emotion with which he spoke made me understand how the masses could have been swayed to let such an evil man be let into office. That is where the true value of this source lies, because I have already seen all the information that was presented before, but now that I was able to see Hitler and some of his assistants in action it is much easier for me to understand Germany during Hitlers rise to power.

Nazi-Soviet Pact and Appeasement Essay -- Papers

Nazi-Soviet Pact and Appeasement The Nazi-Soviet was a non-aggression pact signed by the foreign ministers of Germany and Russia on 23 August 1939. When Germany and Russia reached this promise not to fight each other, they made a secret pact to invade and divide Polandand give the Baltic States to Russia. By signing the Pact, Germany was able to invade Poland from the west and the Soviet Union gained the eastern half of Poland as well as the Baltic States as well as gaining time to prepare for war against Germany. Why was the signing of the Pact a surprise? The signing of the pact was a total surprise because everyone knew that Fascist Germany and the Communist Soviet Union were political enemies. In addition Hitler had sworn for years that he was the mortal enemy of Bolshevism, so it was not surprising that the Pact came as a shock. During 1939 Stalin had invited Britain to discuss a possible alliance against Germany to prevent Hitler from carrying out his plans. At first Britain had refused tal...

An Analysis of Flexible Leadership Style

An analysis of flexible leadership style Name: Shi Baoyuan Student ID: 20121367 Email: [email  protected] co. nz Word Count: 2029 Executive Summary Flexible leadership style is a vital for leaders to manage the company that a leader needs to possess this model to cope with the changeable company activities. A leader who utilizes the flexible leadership style will provide a suitable working surrounding to his (her) subordinates, and make them working in positive emotion; hence, the subordinates would provide more profits to the company.Additionally, in different situations, the leader needs to change the leadership style to fit the current circumstance. However, the benefits of the situational leadership model are obvious to the leaders; many leaders still avoid adjusting themselves to change. Analyzing this fact, habit and fear of failure are two reasons for this problem. In order to overcome the resistance of changing leadership style in managing a company, the leader should obtai n more education which could assist the leader understanding more and reduce anxiety.Furthermore, the leader can build a new habit, which is depended on the situational leadership model, to cover the old one. Table of Contents Executive Summary2 1. 0 Introduction4 2. 0 Flexible leadership style to a company5 2. 1 Different subordinates need different leadership styles5 2. 2 Different situations need different leadership styles6 2. 3 Variable leadership styles for a company7 3. 0 Resistance of changing leadership style9 3. 1 Habits9 3. 2 Fear10 4. 0 Overcome the resistance of change11 4. 1 More Education11 4. 2 Building New Habituation12 . 0 Conclusion13 6. 0 Recommendation14 References15 1. 0 Introduction Leader plays a vital role in the operation of the company. The leadership style that a leader utilizes in managing is the key to nicely operate the company. According to Hersey and Blacnchard’s situational leadership model, there are four leadership styles in leading an orga nization in different circumstances, which represents that the leader needs to adjust his (her) leadership style to certain situations. The situational leadership model brings plenty of profit to the company.In this report, some evidence will be provided to proof it. However, situational leadership model is a mature and effective model; some leaders still avoid following it. The reasons and solutions of this phenomenon will be mentioned in this report. 2. 0 Flexible leadership style to a company In the management activities, the leader should possess two basic behaviors which are task-oriented behavior and relationship behavior. Both of these two behaviors should be balanced during the company activities, which could assist the company acquiring favorable management model.However, because of the followers and the situations are different, the leader needs to change the leadership styles to handle the variable management activities. 2. 1 Different subordinates need different leadersh ip styles In a company, the subordinates are all different in ability, emotion, and other factors. In order to effectively managing the company, the leader needs to utilize appropriate leadership style to certain subordinates, because the way that the leader treating the followers directly influences the emotion of the followers.According to Graham (1999), â€Å"having a comfortable and stimulating work environment is becoming a crucial factor in getting the job done right. † Individuals working in a comfortable surrounding would reduce the probability of making mistakes. Hence, the leader needs to provide the subordinates comfortable working environments, which could effectively assist the subordinates promoting the working efficiency. Treating different staffs with suitable leadership style would make the subordinates feeling working in a comfortable surroundings, which could assist the followers keeping in active emotion. The leader’s internal, external, and relatio nal context of behavior connects with the followers; own sense of internal motivation† (Banutu & Shandra, 2007, p. 70). It represents that the subordinates can magnify their functions of roles in the company business activities by the influence from the leader. Hence, the correct leadership style choosing in leading certain subordinates is a necessary part in leading activities. Finally, the company will be profited from the result of employees’ duteous works. 2. 2 Different situations need different leadership stylesApart from the factors of the subordinates, the situations of a company always change, which the leader needs to adjust the leadership style to fitting the current circumstance. According to James (2004, p. 296), the leader should change the leadership style â€Å"that is dependent on the situation of which the leader finds him/herself in. † There are two basic elements in leadership, which are task-oriented behavior and relationship behavior. Hence, the leader needs to decide which one is more important in certain situation, the task or the relationship, and provides corresponding leadership style to control and handle the company activities.Facing different situations, the leader needs to alter different leadership styles to match the circumstances. For example, â€Å"in emergency situations, leaders do not have time to seek opinions and suggestions from followers or to use other participative styles† (Robbins & Hunsaker, 2011, p. 224). It represents that the main job of the company in such situation is to immediately complete the assignment they should finish. Hence, the leader needs to just give order to the subordinates finishing their assignments instead of asking for any suggestions and acquiring permission. . 3 Variable leadership styles for a company The operating condition of a company is related with the leadership of the leader. The leadership always occupies the vital position in resolving the result of a co mpany in a crisis; hence, in order to lead the subordinates, the leader needs to amply analyze the choosing of leadership style in certain situation (Steven, Berke, Taylor, & Jose, 2008). It represents that the choice of the leadership in different surroundings and with different subordinates is vital to a company.Once a new assignment coming, the leader needs to consider different factors; and selects a suitable leadership style to handle the assignment. In 1974, House and Mitchell illustrated the Path-Goal situation model that there are four leadership styles in managing activities to fit different situations and subordinates. Utilizing different leadership style can deal with special issue. According to Hammuda and Dulaimi (1997), utilizing different leadership style needs to fit different condition. Table 1 illustrates the Path-Goal situation model (Hammuda & Dulaimi, 1997).From this table, it clearly states that, in different situations, the selection of the suitable leadership style will bring positive effects on the outcome. Table 1: A Path-Goal situation model. 3. 0 Resistance of changing leadership style The situational leadership model is a necessary factor in leading activities; and many leaders have realized it. However, the utilization of this model is not universal. There several reasons in this issue. In this chapter, two reasons of resistance of change will be mentioned which are habits and fear of failure. 3. 1 HabitsThe person who is in the position of leader has experienced much time in managing company, which represents that the leadership style of the leader has become one of his (her) habits. It states that changing the leadership style equals breaking the habit of a person. â€Å"Breaking a habit is difficult because it takes hard work and involves giving up perceived benefits from the habit† (Robbins & Hunsaker, 2011, p. 241). A habit has become a part of individual, which means that it is difficult to change. Individuals have be en accustomed to obtain the benefits from their habits, so it is hard for them to abandon the habits.Here is an example. A man who always wears a watch on his left hand changed wearing the watch on another hand, which will make him feel that it is a heavy burden to his right hand, while he feels nothing wearing on his left hand. It illustrates that individuals dislike the uncomfortable with changing habit. For the reason that people will not prefer to undertake the uncomfortable, as a result, avoiding changing habits is universal. 3. 2 Fear Another reason that leader refuses to change is fear. Leadership style changing represents that the relationships and aims of the company will be different from the past.Before changing, the company could still continue normally working. However, leadership style changing will bring risk to the company because that no one can ensure the new style fitting the company situation. It illustrates that the changing activity might fail, which the leader dislike to suffer the pain from failure. Hence, â€Å"the best way to avoid the pain of failing is not to do anything at all† (Connelly, n. d. ). It is because of this sense; many leaders prefer to maintain the unique leadership style in managing the company in avoiding suffering risk. Furthermore, the fear of losing also makes people avoiding change.According to Robbins & Hunsaker (2011), individuals will feel fear when they are unclear about the coming change, which might make them losing their positions, status, rights or other things are belong to them. It states that people resist changing because of the fear of losing, so facing the unknown change, an involuntary of resistance sprout in individuals’ minds. 4. 0 Overcome the resistance of change Flexible leadership style is a basic element in managing company business. The profits of the flexible leadership style, as it mentioned above, are abundant.Hence, the leader needs to overcome the resistance of change, wh ich could provide positive influences in the management activities. In this chapter, some suggestions will be provided to assist these leaders overcome the resistance of changing leadership styles. 4. 1 More Education As it mentioned, some leaders avoid changing because they dislike undertaking risk; and fear of losing. In order to overcome these uncomfortable senses in changing the leadership style, it â€Å"requires a kind of leap of faith: you decide to move in the direction of the unknown on the promise that something will be better for you† (Schuler, 2003).Leaders need to clearly understand the result of the changing. Additionally, leaders need to be clear about the process of change. An effective method for achieving these purposes is to obtain more education of relative knowledge. According to Robbins and Hunsaker (2011), well-educated will reduce the anxiety of leaders because leaders can understand what will happen, which provide confidence to them to overcome the fe ar of changing. Once leaders know how to control the coming situations by changing their leadership style, and forecast the profit in future; they would not fear to change. . 2 Building New Habituation Leader resists changing the leadership style because he (she) has built it as a habit of his (her) behavior. Changing a habit is a tough work, hence leader can build another habit to modify the leadership skills and even cover the old style. â€Å"Habituation is a decrease in the strength of a naturally elicited behavior that occurs through repeated presentations of the eliciting stimulus. † (Bouton, 2007) It states that an individual can build new habituation by repeating the same action.Hence, leaders who want to own the ability to flexibly change the leadership style need to continually force them to do relative activities. Additionally, it needs â€Å"a signal or event that will make you do the thing that you want to do† (PluginID, 2011). Leader can utilize this meth od to model inflexible leadership as his (her) new habit, but, as it mentioned above, before building the new habit of leadership, leader needs to comprehend the benefit, and makes confidence with the change he (she) is going to do. Finally, a new habit in leadership style controlling will be built. . 0 Conclusion A leader needs to utilize appropriate leadership style to handle the issue with different subordinates in different situations. Hence, the flexible leadership style is necessary in managing the works of a company. The benefits of this model are obvious, so the leader should utilize this model in operating activities of the company. However, there are some resistances to some leaders in altering the leadership styles; these leaders can utilize suitable methods, as it mentioned, to overcome this condition. 6. 0 RecommendationAt present, company management plays an important role in a company development. Leaders need to possess the capability in changing the leadership style to adjust the leading activity to an ideal condition. Acquiring more education and building a new habit are two reasonable selections to assist the leader obtaining the ideal leading ability. However, it is not easy to achieve the purpose; a wonderful leader should overcome these uncomfortable, and nurture the leading ability for the future self-development. References Banutu, M. B. , & Shandra, M. T. B. (2007).Leadership and organizational change in A competitive environment. Business Renaissance Quarterly, 2(2), pp. 69-90. Retrieved from http://search. proquest. com Bouton, M. E. (2007). Learning and behavior: A contemporary synthesis. Retrieved from http://www. sinauer. com Connelly, M. (n. d. ). Exposing Fear of Change. Retrieved September 30, 2012, from http://www. change-management-coach. com/fear-of-change. html Graham, A. (1999, May 07). Comfortable space promotes creativity lighting and colour enhance a productive work environment. The Times – Transcript, pp. n/a. R etrieved from http://search. roquest. com Hammuda, I. M. , & Dulaimi, M. F. (1997). The effects of the situational variables on the leadership stylesin construction projects. (King's College, Cambridge, UK). Retrieved from http://buid. academia. edu James, W. (2005). The impact of corporatisation and national competition policy: An exploratory study of organisational change and leadership style. Leadership ; Organization Development Journal, 26(3), pp. 289-309. Retrieved from http://search. proquest. com PluginID. (2011). The Simplest Way To Build a Habit. Retrieved from http://www. pluginid. com Robbins, S. P ; Hunsaker, P, L. (2011). Training in interpersonal skills. (6th ed. ). New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc. Schuler, A. J. (2003) Overcoming Resistance to Change: Top Ten Reasons for Change Resistance. (Schuler Solutions, Inc. , Virginia). Retrieved from http://www. schulersolutions. com Steven, H. A. , Berke, J. , Taylor, J. , ; Jose, A. V. (2008). The role of leadership duri ng large scale organizational transitions: Lessons from six empirical studies. Journal of American Academy of Business, Cambridge, 13(1), pp. 16-24. Retrieved from http://search. proquest. com

Information Systems in Global Business Today Essay Essay Example

Information Systems in Global Business Today Essay Essay Example Information Systems in Global Business Today Essay Paper Information Systems in Global Business Today Essay Paper 1. Why is it of import to understand the difference between computing machine literacy and information literacy?Answer:Computer literacy – When you are computing machine literate. you have a general working cognition of computing machines. You understand what they can be used for. Most people know that they can type a paper. make a power point and if you have internet entree. you may email and seek the World Wide Web for information. Information literacy- When you are information literate. you understand and are able to garner. analyze and usage information gathered from the assorted types of technological medians – particularly the cyberspace. This individual may entree the cyberspace. for case on their cell phone. iPod. lab tops. and a battalion of medians. some which may hold non yet been realized. -It is of import to understand the difference of this two literacy because A literate individual can non be expected to cognize how to run a computing machine. In kernel. a individual can be literate but non computing machine literate. But the opposite seems hard to be true. A computing machine literate is frequently ever a literate. 2. Discourse the three elements of an information system ( hardware. package and persware ) that directors must see. Which of the three do you see the most of import? Answer:Hardware- Hardware. in the computing machine universe. refers to the physical constituents that make up a computing machine system. Software- is any set of machine-readable instructions ( most frequently in the signifier of a computing machine plan ) that directs a computer’s processor to execute specific operations. Persware- that is short for ‘personware’ or ‘peopleware’ . a awfully inpersonal manner of mentioning to people as a resource. like hardware or package. – I consider being the most of import component if information system is the Persware because without this persware the hardware and the package will be useless. 3. What are some of the new functions information systems are playing in organisations? * The Widening Scope of Information Systems* The Network Revolution and the Internet* New Options for Organizational Design: The Networked Enterprise * Flattening Organizations* Separating work from location* Reorganizing work flows* Increasing flexibleness of organisations* The altering direction procedure* Redefining organisational boundaries* Electronic Commerce and Electronic Business4. Discourse the alterations in the concern environment brought about by engineering in the last three old ages. Use your ain personal experiences to explicate your reply. Answer: There are many alterations in the concern environment brought by the engineering in the last three old ages. I believe that one of the most of import alterations ( impacting accounting pattern ) that has taken topographic point in my experience is the changed relationship between the company and its investors. There is an detonation of needed revelations. and a immense addition in the involvement the investing community has in those revelations. And the cyberspace is the largest alterations because every twelvemonth there is alterations on it. Many plans are nearing that every people in the society can larn many things about those plans brought by the engineering. . 5. Pull your decisions about the article â€Å"IT Doesn’t Matter† by Nicholas Carr by accessing the given URL:[ hypertext transfer protocol: //www. nicholasgcarr. com/articles/matter. html # readings ] . Answer: The article explained the quandary that the IT industry and the terminal users are presently sing. IT used to be a manner for companies to derive a competitory advantage. but nowadays IT has fused into another tool to behavior concern. IT merchandises are going cheaper and cheaper while giving more power. This tendency in the long tally will destruct the economic inducement for IT makers to go on making concern. On the other manus cheaper is better for companies implementing this engineering. The writer made it clear that avoiding trade name new IT merchandises and choosing for somewhat older IT merchandises would salvage money. In add-on. somewhat older merchandises have all the â€Å"kinks ironed out† giving a more dependable system. Buying somewhat older IT merchandises is non a fail safe manner of obtaining efficiency and initial cost nest eggs.

Defining Fallacies and their A essays

Defining Fallacies and their A essays Two important terms in critical thinking is relevancy and evidence. Relevancy determines how well a statement relates to another statement. In other words, what proof makes a statement true or false? When the facts to do not add up or the premise of the statement does not agree with the conclusion, this is known as fallacy of relevance. In other cases however, the premises of a statement is relevant to the conclusion but do not provide adequate evidence to support the conclusion. This type of reasoning is considered to be a fallacy of insufficient evidence. In the following paper, the author will define three types of logical fallacies, an argument that contains a mistake in reasoning. The paper will illustrate examples of such fallacies, how these fallacies are significant to critical thinking and discuss its general application to decision making. A commonly believed logical fallacy is two wrongs make a right. This belief states if one wrong is committed, a second wrong cancels the first one out, therefore justifying the wrong and making it right. Some examples of this fallacy are east to point out, however in other cases it is not always so clear. For example, capital punishment for murders is a widely debated topic. Much pain is caused to family members and close friends with the loss of a loved one, even more so when the death is because of another person. Many supporters of lethal injections believe that inmates do not feel any pain during the injection, while others argue the procedure pain subjected is unconstitutional. While there is no proof that condemned prisoners feel pain during the injection, Anesthesiologists cannot confirm that the initial drug keeps the inmate unconscious through out the entire procedure (Battle over lethal injection playing out in courts, 2004). This fallacy is perfect for the close-minded thinker. It justifies peoples actions and gives them a false sense of securi ...

Mini-Project Assignment 1 Short Report on Current Information Essay

Mini-Project Assignment 1 Short Report on Current Information Technology - Essay Example Analyzing Italy’s market is imperative and the manner through which this is done is by looking at the P.E.S.T situation of the country alongside the seven P’s of marketing. Italy has been a democratic nation for 46 years now; thus, the political environment is reputable for the marketing of the product. This is from the fact that with the democracy, the government does not inhibit the citizens from purchasing products at will. Moreover, the democracy also allows the United States, the producer of the ipad, to venture into the Italian market easily and consequently have increased sales of the ipad (Fleisher, 2008, 169). The fact that the country has a well laid out judicial system is also important for the marketing of the new ipad. This is from the fact that there is control on the decisions that powerful politicians make. An example is a politician who may talk ill of the ipad and tell people not to purchase it. Such cases are few - the concept of freedom and independe nce is incorporated in the Italian market. One factor that may come as a disadvantage in the marketing of the ipad is with regards to the tax tariffs that the country has. Lately, Italy has set its tariffs very high in an effort to boost its economy. With the increased tariffs, the country will have reduced imports and – consequently – the goods within the country will increase in sales. With this the standards ought to increase and make the economy of the country boost. The issue of tariffs was induced by the executive arm of the government and has been a major hindrance to the sale of products. This factor is bound to affect the marketing of the product in the country (Henry, 2009, 48). Shifting focus to the economic aspect of the country, Italy’s economy is rated eighth largest in the world. This has been effective in ensuring that the circulation of products in the country is well above average. Moreover, this means that most citizens in the country are stab le thus being in a position to market the ipad. This brings down the fears that one may have when introducing the ipad into the Italian market. It is also important to understand the fact that country’s economy is not stagnant but rather on the rise from the various measures taken by the government such as increased taxation (Cohen, 2011, 68). This ensures that the citizens of the country are always up and busy to ensure that they achieve their goals while living a comfortable life. Introduction of the ipad into the market would work great to ensure that these people are always informed on the changing market trends by using the device. This acts as a positive impact on the sale of the ipad, and so there is the need to introduce it into the Italian market. The transport sector is one other factor to consider with regards to the marketing of the ipad in Italy. Italy’s economy has been stable, and ensuring infrastructure development is a key aspect in the country. Italy has well established roads that generate a huge income for the government. The fact that these roads are in great conditions ensures the sale of the ipad is in huge amounts due to accessibility of even the remote areas in the country. This would mean that the incorporation of the ipad into the Italian market would fetch the company a lot of money from many users that would get to know about it. Italy also has rating as one of the wealthiest countries in the world. This

Healthcare and Health Policy in Spain Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Healthcare and Health Policy in Spain - Essay Example Second, public insurance coverage of the general population is over 99.5% where only few groups of independent professionals and immigrants under special conditions are not covered by law. Third, is how the healthcare system financed In Spain it is financed through general taxation. The National Health Service started in the 1940's wherein it is originally funded by social security, over the years they needed additional funding and this came from the general taxation. And now it is clear that 98% of the funding in Spanish healthcare comes from general taxation. The healthcare and health policy in UK is somewhat different from Spain. The comparison between the two countries is enumerated below. In the conclusion the writer will analyze the significance of having a good healthcare system and policy. In healthcare Spain is said to be much better as compared with UK. Spain has a public health system which provides free or low cost health care for those contributing to the Spanish social security system and their families. The system also caters for retirees and includes those from other EU countries. The country has an excellent system of private medicine and this exists comfortably alongside the State system with both operated so as to complement each other. The Spanish health care system is rated ninth in the World by the World Health Organisation - far above that of the UK's. In Spain there are two types of hospitals operating, one private and one operated by the state. The private hospital offers immediate treatment with patients being accommodated in single rooms. The state hospital offers the same convenience. Both hospitals pool resources to the benefit of private and state patient alike. Because of the comprehensive policies in Spain the health services for patient such as CT scan or laboratories are 40-70% cheaper than in UK. To equality among its citizens Spain has passed a law called law of quality and health cohesion. It means that by law the citizens have the right to enjoy the same health services including pharmaceuticals with the same conditions regarding social participation, accessibility, time, information, security and quality independently of where they live. And according to the ministry of health, this is their first great law of healthcare since the 21st century. In Spain there is a pharmaceutical policy that is now being introduced in UK. This has been existed in Spain for many years; it is one of approaching the local pharmacist for minor ills. Pharmacists have an excellent reputation for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment and are able to issue all but controlled drugs. In no time at all they'll have you feeling better. In Spain there are several ways to contact a doctor or have an appointment if you are sick. You can just text the word "Urgencias" to the telephone number 5013 and you will be informed of the waiting time before your appointment. This is very convenient especially for the elders. Another way to consult the doctor is thru the web. Healthcare system and